General Binding Rules for Small Sewage Discharges

Since 2015, DEFRA's General Binding Rules have simplified sewage discharge regulations — allowing many small domestic systems to operate without a permit if they meet clear environmental criteria.

Case Environmental provides expert advice to ensure your system stays compliant, pollution-free and legally sound — especially with new rules introduced from 2nd October 2023.

Key Rules at a Glance

To stay within the regulations:

• Septic tanks must discharge to a drainage field — not directly to a watercourse
• Discharge volume must be:
  • <2m³/day for septic tanks (typical for a standard household)
  • <5m³/day for treatment plants
• Discharges to ground must be at least 50m from a drinking water source
• Systems must be properly maintained and serviced
• Sludge removal must be done by authorised contractors
• Home sellers must provide details about the system’s operation
• Systems must not cause pollution

Despite widespread confusion, there is no blanket ban on septic tanks — provided the system meets the rules.  However, DEFRA have made it clear that it is now illegal to sell a property with a septic tank which discharges directly to surface water. If you’re affected by this, options could include installing a treatment plant or perhaps a pumped drainage field (depending on site suitability and compliance to the general binding rules).

Case Environmental can provide further consultancy advice regarding general binding rules and your obligations.  As a consultant we offer completely unbiased, confidential and educated advice.  We are based in the south but cover the whole of the UK.  Our clients range from private home owners and prospective purchasers to  the biggest landowners in the UK. Our approach is informed, impartial and considerate, with real-world experience of resolving non-compliant sites collaboratively and cost-effectively.  We can help you with:

• Site assessments and compliance checks
• Practical upgrade planning
• Liaison with the Environment Agency